As people get grayer they become more interested in planning for their retirement. Once upon a time, old folks were taken care of by their children. But now, only a few want to spend their “second life’ being coddled by their kids; instead many want to pursue their own interests without being burdened by their progeny, maybe for the first time in their adult lives. But of course they think financial independence is necessary. As a result, a movement is afoot for the creation of more jobs for the elderly, and some aggressive oldies are even demanding that the retirement age be lifted or made voluntarily.

Experience and dependability are pointed to as good reasons for hiring older people. One problem with hiring or keeping additional old workers, though, is that fewer jobs then are available for the young, who possibly need them even more-or else they will continue to depend on their parents to support the until employed. It seems that, whichever course they pursue, the old ones just can’t gain their independence from their offspring.

What does it mean?
1. To spend their “second life’ being coddled by their kids
2. Without being burdened by their progeny
3. Experience and dependability are pointed to as good reasons for hiring older people.
4. Fewer jobs then are available for the young

What do you think?
1. Where are you going to retire?
2. Are you saving for your retirement?
3. Do you think your children will coddle you on your retirement?
4. Do you think it is the responsibility of the children to take care of you when you retire?
5. Are you working hard for the welfare of your children?
6. Are you depending on the government funds for your retirement?
7. Is it alright if the old take care of the older ones instead of hiring younger people to care for all the old people?
8. Do you think it is alright if the children will still depend on their parents until they find a good career or fortune?
9. Why do you think the children should take care of their parents on retirement?
10. Are the children who put their parents in the retirement homes don’t like their parents?

PHOTO CREDIT:

life-insurance-retirement.com/faq

catholic-homes.org.au/retirement-living

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Everybody wants to have a successful social and private life. So, many people spend a great deal of time developing their personal skills and trying to develop fruitful relationships with influential figures. They think they must do these things in order to get ahead. But they are wasting their time unless they understand themselves. Before they try to exploit outside resources, they should first explore their inner selves and discover who they really are. If they cannot do so, they will get nowhere—no matter how hard they try. Many diagnostic tests are readily available for self-evaluation, and psychologists are convinced that the answers accurately describe. Others feel that these tools are no more accurate than horoscopes or other such non-scientific devices. However, used honestly and with common sense, the tests probably provide at least a good approximation of personality, and may be the beginning of wisdom (if knowing oneself is indeed what it means to be wise, as I think it does).

What does it mean?
… have a successful social and private life
… develop fruitful relationships with influential figures
… explore their inner selves and discover who they really are
… horoscopes or other such non-scientific devices
… good approximation of personality

What do you think?
1. What do you think about your personality?
2. Are you satisfied now with your present situation?
3. Have you ever used other people for your success or your own benefits?
4. Are you a self-driven person or are influenced by the people around you?
5. Do you believe in horoscopes or other non-scientific devices?
6. Are you conscious about what people say about your achievements or failures?
7. Are you a practical person?
8. Would you exchange love for money?
9. Are you confident about yourself?
10. Where do you think you would be 10 years from now?

PHOTO CREDIT:

alqamardesigns.wordpress.com/.../judge-yourself/

meds.queensu.ca/postgraduate/policies/evaluat...

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“You can do anything you want to do as long as you set your mind to it and stick with it”

I remember hearing those words from my mother ever since I was a little girl. Through the years I’ve grown up believing in them and using them as my inspiration. You see there is no one I admire more than my mother. When I was four my mother and father got separated. At that time my brother was only 2 years old. Being a single parent is a hard enough job in itself but my mother also worked full time.

Now most people who hear about this situation automatically assume that at least one if not both children ended up getting into some kind of trouble whether with the law or something else, but in this case that never happened. My mother taught all of us about morals, goals and rules, along with many other things. Granted my brothers and I got into fight with one another, but, hey, kids will be kids.

Even though she works all week, my mom always had time for us, whether it was to take us to our school or if we just needed someone to talk to. At one point I remember clearly that I had a speech problem, and she made me practice every night over and over again until I got it right.

All in all, I feel I can talk to my mother about anything, with her acting more as a friend than a parent. I realize that not everyone has a mother like mine, which makes me appreciate her even more. After everything she has done for me, I want to make her proud by being the first female in my family to go to college and get a degree.

What does this mean?
… to get a degree
Walks all week

What do you think?
1. What do you think is the emotion of the writer of this essay?
2. Do think the mother has raised her children well?
3. What can you say about single parenting?
4. Do you think it is an easy job to perform?
5. If you were of one of the children of a single parent, what would you think you can do to contribute to the family?

PHOTO CREDIT:

www. featured.geoparent.com

www.d-addicts.com/forum/viewtopic_57539.htm

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Have you ever felt like quitting your job and finding a better workplace? We all have rough, stressful days when we feel like giving up and "looking for greener pastures."

Things are not what we wanted them to be: we wanted to do excellently at our work, but we make mistakes and we get criticized for that. We needed sympathy but all we get sometimes is the rejection of an insensitive, coldly professional workplace. We look for commiseration, and sure, we get that from our caring friends, but after we blow off steam and get back to our office, we feel we couldn't take this "impersonality" anymore. We plod on, doing our job as efficiently as we could and sure enough, we get praise, and for a moment we smile and feel high. But things aren't going as smoothly as we want. We feel mediocre, spent, and stressed out.

What does it mean?
1. looking for greener pastures
2. The rejection of an insensitive, coldly professional workplace.
3. Blow off steam
4. Things aren't going as smoothly as we want
5. We feel mediocre, spent, and stressed out.

What do you think?
1. Is personal happiness an important element in staying on with your job? Why?
2. What do you think about the blue bird syndrome? Does it help if you always transfer from one company to another?
3. What are the reasons why people quit their jobs? A disagreeable boss? Conflict with colleagues? Unhealthy working conditions? Or plain boredom?
4. Given the chance, would you prefer to be the boss of your own company? What are the advantages? What are the disadvantages?
5. Do you think there is a reward for being loyal to your company?
6. Some people who quit their jobs take a creative hobby in order to recharge their energy. Do you think it is a good way of getting rid of work-related stress?

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There are so many reasons that cause broken hearts. That leads to despair and frustration. It could be a failure in love life, family problems, failure in career, so on and so forth. Sometimes it is very impossible for us to overcome and surpass such crises. Some people think that that will be the end of their life and end of their existence. But this may just occurs in times of pains and problems. Because of so much heartaches and sacrifices only to find out at the end there is no clear destination for all of those efforts. But the only clear thing is that you should mend your broken heart and start up with new life and new beginning.

Mending a broken is not as easy as pie. It can’t be done no clear destination for all of those efforts It can’t be work out just by an overnight or even a day. It will take a lot of adjustments and healing time for a person to move on. People around will be a big help in picking up the broken pieces of one’s heart.

What does these mean?
No clear destination for all of those efforts
No clear destination for all of those efforts
Picking up the broken pieces of one’s heart.

What do you think?
1. What makes you depressed most of the time?
2. Have you ever experienced to be broken-hearted?
3. What do you do when you are broken-hearted?
4. Do you seek advices to somebody when you encounter problems?

5. To whom do you usually go and ask an advice, to your friends or parents?

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Week 1

Bored to death

"I have nothing to do. I’m bored to death."
"I hate it when I’m bored to death."
"Would you rather be super busy or bored to death?"

A: "Hey Seth, what are you doing?"
B: "I’m reading book. What are you doing?"
A: "I’m bored to death. Let’s do something."
B: "Sure. Come over and we can play some games."

Other Common Sentences
"I’m so bored, I could die."
"I’m dying of boredom."

You've got to be kidding

A: "Hey Jared. Mom told me to tell you that you shouldn’t stay out too late."
B: "You’ve got to be kidding me. I’m 30 years old."

A: "Patrick won the school election by two votes."
B: "He’s not that popular how did this happen?"
A: "Nobody voted because they expected Jason to win."
B: "You’ve got to be kidding me."

Other Common Sentences
"I really hope you’re wrong."
"Please tell me it ain’t so."

Sick and Tired

"I’m sick and tired of eating the same thing for lunch everyday."
"I’m getting sick and tired of this song. They play it way too often at this club."
"I’m sick and tired of listening to him nag all the time."

A: "Where are you going for lunch today?"
B: "I don’t know… how about a burger?"
A: "No. I eat that almost everyday. I’m getting sick and tired of them."
B: "Let’s go eat teriyaki then."

Other Common Sentences
"I’m getting sick of this phone. I think I’ll buy a new one."
"I’m tired of the same routine. I need to find something new and different."

Call it a day

"Let’s call it a day. I’m too tired to continue working."
"We can’t continue working without Mike, so let’s call it a day."
"It’s already nine o’clock. Let’s call it a day."

A: "How much more work do we have for tonight?"
B: "I think we finished everything for the day."
A: "Good. Let’s call it a day then."

Other Common Sentences
"Let’s turn in for the night."
"I think we should pick it up from the morning."

pick it up = continue

Get on one's nerves

"You’re beginning to get on my nerves."
"Will you please stop doing that? It’s getting on my nerves."
"His whining is getting on my nerves."

A: "He doesn’t like his birthday present."
B: "He’s starting to get on my nerves. It’s one thing to not like it, but it’s another to complain about it. We tried our best to get him a good present."
A: "Yeah. It’s bothering me too."

Other Common Sentences
"You’re beginning to annoy me."
"His complaints are starting to bother me."

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For years and years, parents and educators have warned about too much TV. They say that it rots the brain. Another report with new research confirms this. Investigators followed a community of 678 mother-child pairs in upstate New York. All the children were 14 years old, and the study continued for eight years. The report concluded that learning and attention problems increased with the number of hours of TV that was watched. And with shorter attention spans, the children usually did poorer at school.

The researchers disclose that several points aren't clear. Does TV lead to lower grades? Do children with lower grades turn to TV more than better students? Or does increased TV time and lower grades come from poverty and neglect? But the outcome remained clear for those glued to the idiot box. These children were less likely to work hard at school. They avoided homework, were bored in the classroom, dropped out of high school, and often had a general hatred toward school and learning.

Children in first world countries around the world generally watch two or more hours of TV every day. According to this new set of research, two hours seems to be the recommended limit. Children in the study who watched two hours or less, and then increased their TV time by one hour, doubled their risk of learning difficulties. Children with two hours or more in front of the TV, and who then lowered their viewing time by one hour, halved their risk for failure.

The researchers offered a way to prevent children from becoming couch potatoes. They suggested schools and community centers develop more activities after school. It would help limit how many hours children watch TV during their teen years.

Questions: Answer the questions to check comprehension.
1. What did research confirm about TV?
2. What specifically happened to children who watched TV?
3. How many hours of TV do children in first world countries watch every day?
4. What happened when children watched more than two hours?
5. What can be done to prevent children from watching too much TV?

Comprehension: Talk about the following questions. Remember to support your answers!
1. How many hours of TV did you watch per week when you were a child?
2. Did TV affect your schoolwork? If yes, how?
3. Would you limit how many hours your children watch TV? Why/not?
4. What would you do if your child's grades were poor?
5. Would you ever consider getting rid of your TV? Why/not?

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On Saturday, the world went dark for Earth Hour. At tourist destinations, businesses, and private homes, lights were dimmed or switched off for one hour at precisely 8:00 pm. The purpose was to emphasize the need for radical change to the world's current energy policies, and thereby encourage people everywhere to make much-needed changes to curb greenhouse gas emissions.

It's estimated that more than one billion people in over ninety countries took part in the event. Executive director Andy Ridley said that such a conscious change, even if for one hour, would raise awareness and generate discussions on what can and should be done to reduce energy consumption. Even in the dismal economic climate, when most people are focused on job security, meeting financial obligations, and cutting expenses, the conversation on greenhouse gases and global warming must continue. Such widespread participation, said the organizers of the event, clearly indicated that people desire strong action on climate change.

Others weren't so optimistic, and actually stopped just short of outright condemnation. The problem wasn't in the event itself, which successfully received media coverage and generated a moderate amount of awareness. Here the organizers and press touting the event as successful were correct. However, critics said that Earth Hour most likely gave participants the false illusion that they had made a change. Yet one hour doesn't equal the drastic adjustments required of everyone every day. People must opt for public transportation, green technology in homes and workplaces, and clean energy sources. In the long run, Earth Hour could actually cause more harm than good.

Do you agree or disagree? Why?
1. I use too much energy!
2. People in my country use too much energy!
3. I am very concerned about global warming and the future.
4. The environment and changes in climate will be much worse in twenty years.
5. The planet is becoming warmer, but global warming isn't caused by humans.

Talk about the following questions:
1. Did you participate in Earth Hour? If yes, how so? If no, why not?
2. How do you protect the environment? Please explain.
3. What's your opinion on Earth Hour? Is it favorable or negative? Why?
4. Do you think Earth Hour will have long-term effects on climate change? Why/not?
5. Because of global warming, what do you think the future will be like? Please explain.

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COVERSATION PRACTICE

FOR INTERMEDIATE STUDENTS

A: Did you hear the latest about Danny?
B: No. What happened to him?
A: Nothing happened to him exactly. He is going to move to Seattle.
B: To Seattle? That’s a long way from here! What in the world made him
decide to move to Seattle?
A: He got this terrific job offer. I guess the salary was so good. He just couldn’t turn it down.
B: Well. It certainly will be a switch for him to be living in a place where it rains a lot. You know what a sun lover he is.
A: I guess if you are earning lots of money you will learn to like rain.
B: I don’t know. I’ve never have a chance to learn. I’ve never had a lot of
money.

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
What in the world – what on earth
Terrific – remarkable; extraordinary
Job offer – opportunity for employment
Turn down – to refuse
To switch – to change
To earn good money – to receive a good salary

CONVERSATION IN CONTEXT
Are the speaker’s friends or relatives?
Who is Danny?
Where is Seattle?
Where are the speakers?
Why are they discussing Danny?

PERSONAL APPLICATION
What is a good salary in your country?
Do people in your country often move to new locations or jobs because of better salaries?
Are you a sun lover or do you prefer a rainy climate?

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My employer is being sued for sexual harassment. I, and at least a dozen other employees, must give a deposition very soon. We have discussed whether or not to tell what we have seen but fear losing our jobs. Many of us would like to see the company atmosphere improve, but we are afraid to come forward.

The executives, from the top on down (including the head of personnel), have harassed some women and created a hostile environment here. The woman who is suing was terminated for refusing to have sexual relations with some top male executives.


What does it mean?

1. Sexual harassment
2. Deposition
3. We are afraid to come forward.
4. The woman who is suing was terminated

What do you think?

Have you ever heard any news in your country about sexual harassment?
Would you tell the truth about the fired fellow worker in court, even though you were liable to be fired?
If a person lied in court for fear of losing his job, should we criticize him for lying?

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Whether you love it or despise it, almost everyone around the world knows Saint Valentine's Day. Then there's White Day on March 14th, when men who received chocolate buy sweets for women. Fewer people have heard of Sweetest Day, though, which is a holiday crafted by candy makers in the US for mid-October. Loved ones purchase candy and small gifts for each other on this day. But have you ever heard of Black Day?

Black Day is a uniquely Korean holiday. It was created in response to the overly sweet Valentine's Day and White Day. Like some other countries, Koreans have adopted the tradition of obligatory chocolate for both holidays. Women give chocolate not only to husbands or boyfriends, but to male coworkers, friends, and love interests on Valentine's Day. Men do the same for women on White Day. The amount of chocolate one receives gauges the popularity of the person.

Black Day, which falls on April 14th, lets the loveless sympathize with one another. People who didn't receive any chocolate or gifts on either Valentine's Day or White Day wear black clothes. Black advertises their single status, and sort of offers the opportunity to meet similarly single men and women. People who celebrate Black Day also eat a noodle dish with black bean sauce, drink alcohol, and gripe about romance and love. There aren't any presents to buy. There aren't any unfulfilled hopes. Few people know about the holiday outside of Korea, and perhaps this is the best part about the day. It hasn't been marketed and sold to the consumer like its opposite counterparts in February and March.

Do you agree or disagree?
1. Saint Valentine's Day is the best holiday of the year!

2. If I'm single on Saint Valentine's Day, I feel lonely and depressed.

3. There's a lot of pressure to buy gifts and have romantic dinners on Valentine's Day.

4. I wish there were a holiday to celebrate being single.

5. All holidays are a complete waste of time!

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I'm a single male in my late 20's. I have had more relationships than I could count with my 10 fingers, and I have more break up's than a truck full of eggs on a bumpy road. I just told you I have all these break up's: well, not exactly. To be precise, we more of like parted ways, like roommates who's lease is up. You see, I'm not the type of person who would go for long-term commitments like couple relationships or marriages. I'm all for free relationships. In case you don't know what that means, it's that kind of relationship that has absolute freedom but with no responsibilities. I can come and go as I please, can hook up with a mature, consenting adult anytime anywhere, and as fast as I can get into a promising relationship, I can move out of it when it turns sour. Nobody can hold me back because I never promised to stay. In other words, in an open relationship I'm in a meaningful and satisfying relationship with people I love without ever hurting them.

I don't believe in marriage. They'd marry this year and they'll swear they'll love each other "in sickness and in health, for richer, for poorer, till death do us part", but the next year they are divorced, with shattered lives, broken dreams and torn children. People give love a bad name.

Passionate lovers are in the heat of the moment would promise the stars, the moon and the earth, but in the bored moments, they'll curse and spit. In their weak moments, they cheat and lie. Why do we always hurt the ones we love? Honesty issuch a lonely word. Everyone is so untrue.

Thus I exhort all you who are sick and tired of being hurt never to give your heart to anyone. Give it to everyone but to no one. Love as many as you can, but never give your heart away. You have to get out into the world and experience all the things that life can give. Don't be imprisoned in a single commitment." Before you meet the prince, you must kiss a lot of frogs. “Collect and collect, then you can select."

What does it mean?
1. I have more break up's than a truck full of eggs on a bumpy road.
2. …we more of like parted ways, like roommates who's lease is up.
3. …not the type of person who would go for long-term commitments.
4. …kind of relationship that has absolute freedom but with no responsibilities.
5. I can move out of it when it turns sour.
6. People give love a bad name.
7. Honesty is such a lonely word.
8. Give it to everyone but to no one.
9. Before you meet the prince, you must kiss a lot of frogs.

What do you think?
1. What do you think of flings and one night stand?
2. Who do you think are more responsible for short-lasting relationships? Men or women? Why?

3. Do you think there is no such thing as “perfect relationship”? How about “right relationship”?
4. Do you think everyone has a soul mate? Can your soul mate be your lasting partner?
5. Why do men are not contented with only one woman? Are men really born womanizer?
6. Is marriage important to a relationship? Do you believe that a relationship vowed in front of God must be kept sacred?

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BY: Jack Protacio

None of us came here of our own will, but were put here by our parents. Since were all born the same way, and are thus equal, we should all do our best in life, but only a few of us actually achieve success. Some of us are satisfied with our current status and think we should be grateful for what we have. Some of us, who are never happy with our condition, see this world as a boundless sea of endless troubles. Is there some preordained destiny that controls our lives, or is it all just chances? Only one thing is certain: it is useless to complain about fate. We can try to make our own fortune, or we can passively allow it to happen whatever develops.

What does it mean?

Life allows us to ask for what we want, but usually gives us what we deserve.

“Try and try until you succeed.”

At the end of the rainbow there’s a pot of gold.

What do you think?

Why do you think most of the people are not satisfied with everything they have?

How important is planning and organizing in one’s person life?

How do you see your self 10 years from now?

What is the most important thing in a man’s life?

Do you agree with the opinion expect the unexpected? Why? Site an example.

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The high court recently upheld an adultery law that that makes it a crime to have an extramarital affair in South Korea. Among those facing prison on adultery charges is a movie star Ok So-ri. The adultery law is popular with the public and even some of Ok's natural supporters such as young educated women say her behaviour is unacceptable.

Adultery is a global phenomenon and age old social problem which is the root of so many problems. History records many accounts where kingdoms fell, leaders stumbled, careers ended, and children suffered as adultery was committed.

FACTS
Spouses face up to two years in prison if convicted, though few end up behind bars.
South Korea remains deeply conservative and is influenced by a Confucian heritage.
Supporters of the adultery ban say it promotes monogamy and keeps families together.
Opponents say the government has no right to interfere in people's private lives.

PEOPLE WHO COMMITTED ADULTERY
Bill Clinton - President of America
Prince Charles – Prince of England
Boris Becker – Tennis player
Henry VIII – King of England
Mick Jagger - Musician
David Beckham – Soccer player
Kobe Bryant – American basketball player
DISCUSSION:
Do you think marriage should be forever?
Why do you think people cheat?
Do you think adultery is a crime?
Why do people fall out of love?
What is your image of marriage in Korea?
How easy do you think it should be to get a divorce?
What do you think of religions that do not allow divorce?
What are the divorce laws like in your country?
Is divorce something society can stop?
Would you feel shame if you got divorced?
What do you think it is like to be trapped in an unhappy marriage?
Is divorce a real taboo in your culture?
What are the consequences of high divorce rates for society?
What would you do if you worked for an organization trying to stop people from getting divorced?
What was the most interesting thing you heard?
Was there a question you didn’t like?
Was there something you totally disagreed with?
What did you like talking about?
Which was the most difficult question?

ENGLISH SAYINGS, IDIOMS & QUOTES

Thou shall not commit adultery.
- Seventh Commandment

If a married person commits adultery, the punishment is to stone them to death, according to Allah's law.

- Surah An-Nur 24:2

I do not think that there are any men who are faithful to their wives.

- Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis

Husbands are chiefly good lovers when they are betraying their wives.

- Marilyn Monroe

My attitude toward men who mess around is simple: If you find them, kill them.

- Loretta Lynn

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The Internet has become an integral aspect of most people's lives, regardless of whether it's used for communication, information, or entertainment. Billions of people around the world send e-mail, chat online, read the news, and maybe even gamble, trade stocks, or play competitive games on a daily basis. Some have progressed into a dangerous realm, as the Internet can provide a sense of instant gratification or induce a withdrawal from the real world exactly like an addiction.

A number of psychologists argue that people who become addicted to the Internet already suffer from some form of disorder. For example, someone hooked on Internet gambling would still play in the real world, or someone with image or confidence issues would seek escape through another medium. Other professionals see the addiction as real, though, one which the medical world should recognize and insurance companies should cover treatment for.

While doctors and other experts debate the issue, South Korea has acted on the problem it views as egregious. In addition to counseling centers and treatment programs at hospitals, a rehab center for teens has recently been established. The country held the world's first international symposium on compulsive Internet disorder, too. Ninety percent of South Korean homes have Internet access, and online gaming is a well-recognized national sport. Children ditch school for marathon gaming sessions. Some gamers have even dropped dead after days and days online, deprived of sleep.

The rehab center offers teens the opportunity to connect with the real world, and rediscover satisfaction from it. During the twelve days, participants are barred from computers and may only use a cell phone one hour per day. The remaining time gets filled with physical exercise and group activities geared towards establishing real-life emotional bonds.

The center must turn away roughly four applicants for each available opening.

How serious are these addictions? Rank them in order.
1. the Internet
2. gambling
3. texting messages on a cell phone
4. alcohol
5. cigarettes

Talk about the following questions.

1. How many hours per day do you use the Internet? Do you think this is too much? Why?
2. Is Internet addiction a real illness that doctors and insurance companies should recognize? Why/not?
3. Could you go without a computer or the Internet for one week? one month? one year? Why/not?
4. At which point does the Internet become an addiction rather than a useful tool? Please explain.
5. What would you do if a family member spent days and days playing games on the computer?

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Racism is one of the world’s major issues today. Many people are not aware of how much racism still exists in our schools, workforces, and anywhere else where social lives are occurring. It is obvious that racism is bad as it was many decades ago, but it sure has not gone away. Racism very much exists and it is about time that people need to start thinking about the solutions to this matter.

Many people today live their lives obvious to what is happening in the world around them, often trying to convince themselves that racism is not a problem in their world. Others know all about the problem, but don’t really realize that they themselves could possibly be adding to the problem by discriminating against someone else’s human rights, and at the same time going around saying how open minded they are.

Many people also believe that it depends on if a person was brought into the world as a racist or not, but that is not the case at all. In fact, an individual cannot be born a racist but only learn to become one as they grow from childhood to adulthood.

Racism still exists within all cultures. Some people won’t admit they’re a racist, but their actions and words prove otherwise. Most people won’t directly discriminate other races, but that doesn’t mean it doesn’t happen every day.

Conversation Questions
1. Do you think all races are equal?
2. Are you prejudiced against other races?
3. Would you let one of your children marry with a non- Korean?
4. How do you think foreign residents are treated in Korea?
5. What do Korean parents teach their children about non- Koreans?
6. Have you ever discriminated against someone because of their race?
7. What can Koreans do to reduce discrimination in Korea?
8. Do you think some races are Superior?

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The difference between man and woman all over the world came from the fact that man considers himself the provider. Historically, women's roles were confined to the home. From a young age, women were taught to prepare for their future roles as wife and mother. Women in general could not participate in society as men did, and their role was limited to household matters. Traditionally, the purpose of marriage was to produce a male heir to carry on the family line. However this is changing and woman now play an important part in business, politics and family life.

Famous woman
Margaret Hilda Thatcher: Is the first and only woman to be Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
Oprah Winfrey: Is an American television host, media mogul, and philanthropist.

GENDER DISCUSSION

Do you see yourself as a typical man/woman? Why or why not?
In your country are the responsibilities of a mother the same as the responsibilities of a father to their families?
What are the responsibilities of a father to his family?
What are the responsibilities of a mother to her family?
Are fathers capable of carrying out the duties of a mother and vice versa?
Are there different expectations for sons and daughters?
What habits are deemed as appropriate for men but inappropriate for women?
What behaviors are deemed as appropriate for men but inappropriate for women?
What jobs are deemed as appropriate for men but inappropriate for women?
Are men and women equal in ability and intelligence?
What things can either men or women do that the other cannot do and why?
Is it OK for men to cry?
Is it OK for men to appear sad?
Is it OK for women to appear angry?
Is it OK for men to appear weak?
In your home, who does the cooking, cleaning and household chores?
Is it possible for women to join the army in your country?
What jobs do men do and women not do in your country?
Who is regarded as the head of the family?
Should boys and girls be brought up differently?
Should boys and girls be treated differently on the part of the parents?
What would happen if your parents changed their place for one day?
How would the world look like without men?
How would the world look like without women?
When a woman and a man are together, who does most of the talking? What makes you think so?
Can a man and a woman be only friends?
Do men/men friendships differ from women/men or women/women friendships? How?
Who do you think has life easier, girls or guys? Why?

SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms:

(a)mass..............................................agenda
(b)advances.......................................light
(c)struggle.........................................promise
(d)blueprint.......................................breakthroughs
(e)poverty..........................................salaries
(f)potential........................................walk
(g)beacon..........................................fight
(h)disfigure.......................................giant
(i)march............................................mutilate
(j)wages............................................destitution

GENDER IDIOM:

Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned: something that you say which means a woman will make someone suffer if they treat her badly. “Don't be so sure she'll forgive you. Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned.”

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Time is one of our greatest resources. Used wisely it can enable you to do the things in life that are important to you. Decisions about how you spend your time will determine many things in your lifestyle including: stress levels and the pace of your day, whether you have time for exercise and wellness, how much time you can devote to family, how much you are able to accomplish in your work.

“Time is the coin of your life. It is the only coin you have, and only you can determine how it will be spent. Be careful lest you let other people spend it for you.”
~ Carl Sandburg

Time management is one of the greatest skills you can develop. Being able to manage your time effectively can mean being successful in your career or reaching important life goals like running a marathon or writing a book. In the big picture, time management may determine whether you look back on your life one day and reflect on the wonderful things you in your life you have done, or whether those dreams you had were just that, dreams.

DISCUSSION
How do you manage your time?
Do you always have a hectic schedule?
Do you like to be busy, or do you like to have an easy schedule?
How do you give yourself a quality time even if you have a hectic schedule?
What are your schedules for the day?
Do you schedule out what you have to do every week? What do you do if you forget an appointment?
What time do you usually go home?
Is there a difference between your work and when you were still studying? When it comes to time management?
Do you still have time for yourself? To your family?

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Employees need vacations to stay productive and recuperate from stresses and pressures at the office. Some countries fully agree with this philosophy. Take France as an example, which has a work week that is only thirty-five hours to improve the quality of life there. And the Germans almost believe that their one month vacations are a sacred right.

Other countries have opposite practices, though. Japanese employees use only a small fraction of their yearly vacation time because they want to be seen as full contributors to the team. In the US, work habits continue to change. Fewer employees take all their entitled vacation days, which equals about nine days per year. The worsening economy is partly to blame for the change. Many employees fear layoffs as companies post weaker profits, and so they want to be viewed as hard workers.

But a growing number of people support mini-retirements. Rather than take short vacations every year, or no vacation whatsoever, the mini-retirement can be viewed as an extended vacation. Mini-retirements advocate an active youth instead of working until old age and then taking a "macro" retirement. Several months away from work allows employees to pursue personal goals and dreams. And if the person travels abroad, then he can immerse himself in the foreign country and culture. With remote technology, Internet cafes, and free Wi-Fi services, it's even possible to stay up to date of developments at the office, too.
Life should be more than work, money, and savings. Hopefully more offices around the world will not only encourage vacation, but take up the mini-retirement concept, too.

Do you agree or disagree? Why?

1. I work too much!
2. I look forward to my retirement. (Or I'm already retired and I really enjoy it.)
3. Employees shouldn't take long vacations because there could be problems at the office.
4. I would be much happier and enjoy life much more if I could take at least one long vacation every year.
5. Vacations don't have much benefit.

Talk about the following questions.

1. Have you ever canceled, postponed, or limited your vacation because of work? Please explain.
2. What do you think about the idea of mini-retirements versus regular vacations? Please explain.
3. What are the pluses and minuses of mini-retirements from an employer's point of view? Please explain.
4. What are the pluses and minuses of mini-retirements from an employee's point of view? Please explain.
5. What will the balance between work, vacations, and retirement be in the future? Please explain.

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All it takes is one bad apple to spoil the bunch. Like many maxims, it can be applied to many facets of every day life. A recent research report indicates that "one bad apple" can quickly ruin the atmosphere of the office. A negative employee brings conflict and stress to the workplace. A problem employee usually doesn't do an equal amount of work, is always unhappy and complaining, and bullies or intimidates others.

Negative behavior, the researchers found, far outweighs any positive behavior, so that several positive employees aren't able to offset one negative teammate. In fact, it often leads to a downward spiral, with more and more employees becoming unhappier and unhappier as time progresses. The news comes out of the University of Washington.

In order to take care of the problem, companies need to deal with the negative influence immediately. One solution is to have the employee work alone as much as possible. In effect, he should be cordoned off from other team members work-wise. Better yet, ensure that effective hiring practices prevent the problem from entering the building. Training managers to better screen potential hires helps, as do personality tests. These can easily weed out emotionally unstable or disagreeable people.

Case in point: The wife of the report's lead author observed that when a problem employee at her office was sick for several days, the atmosphere quickly changed. People began to help one another. They played classical music on their radios. Many went out for drinks after work to form closer bonds. However, once the problem returned, the toxic atmosphere returned, too.

Talk about the following questions.
1. Do you agree, that "one bad apple spoils the bunch?" Why/not?
2. Have you ever had a similar experience as the example? What happened when the negative person was away?
3. If your office were "toxic," would you consider quitting? Why/not?
4. What other solutions do you think might work with a bad apple? Why?
5. Do you think that a bad apple usually knows he creates a negative atmosphere? Why/not?

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A party is a gathering of persons who have been invited by a host for the purposes of socializing, conversation, and recreation. A party will typically feature eating and drinking, and often music and dancing as well.

Some parties are held in honor of a specific person, day, or event (e.g., a birthday party, a Super Bowl party, St. Patrick’s Day). Parties of this kind are often called celebrations.

A party is not necessarily a private occasion. Public parties are sometimes held in pubs and bars, and people attending such parties may be charged an admission fee by the host.

PARTY DISCUSSION
1. Do you like going to parties? Why or why not?
2. What kind of parties have you attended before?
3. Have you attended parties abroad? Compare and contrast that party you have attended abroad to a party that you usually have in Korea?

4. Remember a party that you like best? How long did the party last? What made it best?
5. Have you attended a lousy party? What made you it lousy?
6. Have you ever hosted a party? Please tell me details about it. If not, do you like to host a party in the future?
7. Are you sociable or do you just keep yourself to yourself when you attend a party?
8. Have you met friends from parties you’ve been to? If so, do you keep in touch with somebody or you keep somebody at arm’s length?
9. Do you eat a lot during parties? What were the foods being served at the parties you have attended before?
10. Do you drink a lot at parties? Or do you prefer to stay sober?
11. What kinds of party drinks have you tried? Which one is the best for you?
12. What other activities do you do at the parties? Do you perform? Do you sing or dance?

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
1. lousy – (a) informal word; it means “very poor or very bad”
Ex: I had a lousy weekend.
(b) it means “very ill”
Ex: I feel lousy. I’m going home.

2. keep yourself to yourself – phrasal verb; to not talk to other people very much
Ex: He's a very private person - he keeps himself to himself.

3. keep in touch with – to have continuous communication with someone
Ex: I keep in touch with my relatives who settle in Korea.

4. keep somebody at arm’s length - to not allow someone to become too friendly with you.
Ex: I always had the feeling she was keeping me at arm's length.

5. sober – being serious and thoughtful; clear-headed.
Ex: We are now far more sober and realistic.

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The topic of health is one of extreme importance and one that everyone should be aware of. We all hear about beauty and about how we should be fit and in shape to look good, but there is much more to it than that. Health diet nutrition is important more so for the inside, so that you are healthy and feel good about yourself.

To most, Good health is usually associated with a long healthy life. Healthy people are likely to live longer. Good health is a basic component of human well-being and a necessity for earning a livelihood.

Health Conversation Questions

• Do you regularly think about your health? Why/not? How about worry about it?


• How healthy are you? Please explain.


• Have you ever been very sick or in the hospital?



• How often do you go to the doctor to check your health? Should you go more often?
  
• Do you exercise?


• Is dieting healthy?How often do you go on a diet? Why/not?


• What are your opinions about vegetarians and vegans? Are they healthy? Would you ever consider trying that lifestyle?


• What do you think about diets that promise dynamic results in only a short amount of time? Have you ever tried such a diet? If yes, what were the results?


• In today's fast-paced society, how easy is it to eat healthily? Why do you think so?


• Do you think that the food we eat affects our physical and mental health? Why/not?
  
• If there was a pill that allowed you eat anything without putting on the pounds, would you take it? How would you answer if there were side-effects, too?


• Do you agree or disagree? You are what you eat. Why/not?


• Do you agree or disagree? The happiest people are healthy people?
  
• In countries with national health insurance, do you think obese people should pay higher taxes for health coverage? How about people who smoke? Why/not?


• Who is primarily responsible for our health, the government or ourselves? Why?


• What impact does the environment play on our health as individuals?

Slang Expressions

back on your feet
To recover, usually from an illness, to feel better after being sick.
Ex: Glad to see you back on your feet, you were very sick last week.
in someone’s hair
Constantly annoying, bothering someone again and again.
Ex:My boss is always getting in my hair.

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Scientists in the USA have found a strong link between headaches and warmer weather. For many years people have believed that sudden increases in temperatures cause headaches. Doctors at a medical centre in Boston now say they know it’s true. Researchers did a study on 7,054 patients who went to hospital because of a headache. Their research showed that the main cause of the patients’ headaches was a change in the weather. A rise in temperature in the previous 24 hours was the biggest trigger. The research team said the chances of getting a bad headache increased by 7.5 percent with every five-degree Celsius rise in the temperature. The second biggest cause was a fall in air pressure, which happens especially after thunderstorms.

Lead researcher Dr. Kenneth J. Mukamal of Harvard Medical School gave a simple explanation of his research. He said: “In the summer, you may think that ice cream sets off your migraine. But it wasn’t the ice cream, it was the temperature increase on that very hot day that led you to eat the ice cream.” Dr. Mukamal added: “Our results are consistent with the idea that severe headaches can be triggered by external factors. These findings tell us that the environment around us does affect our health.” One doctor said to avoid headaches, we should stay away from things like coffee and wine when the weather suddenly gets hotter. Bad headaches and migraines affect millions. Around 18 percent of women and six percent of men suffer from them.

DISCUSSION
a) What do you think of Dr. Mukamal’s simple explanation?
b) What springs to mind when you hear the word ‘headache’?
c) Do you think changes in the weather can give you a headache?
d) What usually gives you a headache?
e) What do you think is the best way of avoiding headaches?
f) How does the weather change your feeling?
g) Can you remember the biggest headache you ever had?
h) Do you think people living in hot countries get more headaches than those in cold countries?
i) Do you think the weather has affected your health, positively or negatively?
j) What country has the best weather? Do you think people are healthier there?
b) Do you think people get more headaches today than 100 years ago?
c) Why do women get more headaches than men?
e) Does the type of job you do affect the chances of getting a headache?
f) Does studying English give you a headache?

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Moving out

After decades of continuous growth, the population Seoul is now on a continual decline. With a population of only 1.5 million people in 1955, by 1989 the population had grown to more than 10 million. That number represented approximately one-fourth of the total population of Korea.

However, beginning in the early 1990’s Seoul residents, frustrated with the hassles of living in the overcrowded capital, began to move out. Where is everybody going? Most of them are moving to the suburbs where the air is slightly cleaner, there is less traffic, and where housing is more affordable. Many people who live in Seoul complain about the decline in the quality of life there. Air quality is worse than ever, apartment prices are unreal, and the steady increase in the number of cars on the roads now has traffic at a crawl much of the time.

Reasons for the move are as follows:

“Seoul is too expensive.” The cost of everything from apartment rental fees to the price of a cup of coffee are higher in Seoul than in the suburbs. An old 25-pyeong apartment in Seoul can cost more to buy or rent than a brand new 43-pyeong apartment in the suburbs. Seoul has been designated as one of the most expensive cities in the world to live in.

“Shopping facilities are better.” Another reason for the popularity of the satellites towns are the better shopping facilities there. Space is not at a premium as it is in the cities, so sprawling discount stores have been built. The stores in the city are usually much more congested and cover less land area, so most people find shopping in the suburbs stores more convenient.

The only reason given for wanting to remain in Seoul are the better educational opportunities there. Most Koreans feel Seoul’s school are the finest the country has to offer.

Questions:
1. Which of these statements best describes the way you feel about Seoul? Tell why you think so.
o Seoul is a wonderful city and a good place to live and work.
o Seoul is too big and crowded, and too noisy.

2. Most Koreans who move to Seoul from other parts of the country say it is hard to make new friends in Seoul. Is Seoul an unfriendly place to out-of-towners? If so, why?

3. Where would you rather live—in Seoul or in one of the “new cities” around Seoul, such as Bundang or Ilsan? Why?

4. Do you agree or disagree with the following statements? Tell why you think so?
a. All the best jobs in Korea are in seoul.
b. The schools in Seoul are better than anywhere else in the country.
c. The quality of life in Seoul is worse than anywhere else in the country.

5. The idea of moving the capital (government) out of Seoul has often been discussed. If the government were moved out of Seoul, where would be the best place to move it? Give the advantages and disadvantages of each of the following locations.
o Deajon
o Busan
o Daegu
o Gyeongju
o Incheon

6. The only reason some people want to live in Seoul is to send their children to Seoul schools. Are schools in Seoul really much better than in other places?

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What makes teens and twenty-somethings happy these days? You might be tempted to cite sex, money, and music as primary sources of happiness. You would be wrong. Among 13-24 year olds, according to a survey asked of 1280 people, spending time with family came in at top. Time with friends followed in the number two position, and time with a significant other was third. Almost no one said money as a source of happiness.

Seventy three percent indicated that a good relationship with their parents made them happy. In addition, when looking towards a role model, nearly half of the respondents mentioned one of their parents. Moms ranked higher than dads, though, with 29% of the vote. Dads garnered 21%.

Other results tend towards the disconcerting. Most of the pollees generally felt happy with the direction of their lives, but the survey discovered a racial divide. Whites tended to be happier across all economic categories than blacks or Hispanics. And as for stress, kids noted a 10% higher rate than adults. For 13-17 year olds, school stressed them out. For those in the 18-24 range, jobs and financial matters caused worry. The middle class and women had slightly elevated stress levels.

The big question came down to the future, and whether today's youth will remain happy. Sixty-two percent of teens believed the future will hold greater amounts of happiness. Pollees in the 18-24 year old range were even more optimistic than their younger counterparts. However, many in both age groups anticipate a more difficult life than their parents' is in store.

VOCABULARY

cite - to refer to ; especially : to mention formally in commendation or praise: to name in a citation
primary - something that stands first in rank, importance, or value
respondents - one who responds: one who answers in various legal proceedings
garnered - to acquire by effort: earn
disconcerting - to throw into confusion
racial - of, relating to, or based on a race
elevated - to raise in rank or status
optimistic - to anticipate the best possible outcome
counterparts - one remarkably similar to another: one having the same function or characteristics as another
anticipate - to look forward to as certain : expect

Comprehension Questions:
1. Do you agree with the article that family is more important than sex, money, or music? Why/not?
2. What makes a family successful? Why do you think so?
3. According to the article, many think the future will be more difficult. What do you think? Why?
4. Compared to now, did you feel more or less stress when you were younger? Why?
5. If you won $1,000,000, would you be happy? Why/not?

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Here it is, a chance to tell us all about any experiences that play a roll in your day. Something that has changed your life or the way you think about things? It could be something bad, or a life changing accident or even something completely amazing like climbing a mountain or walking the desert.

The purpose of this lesson is to share and elaborate on an appealing experience from your life. Personal experience focuses on your experience and its importance and impact on you. Describe a situation you consider to be crucial in your development.

You may think that you have no appropriate event to share. It cannot be that way. Whatever topic you decide on, mind that your aim is to convey its importance. Your narration should give a deep insight into the details of the event and must gain some meaning why this very experience is so remarkable to you.

EXPERIENCE DISCUSSION:

· Have you had an interesting life so far? Why/not?
· Have you ever thought your life was boring? Why/not?
· Have you ever followed your dreams? Why/not?
· What does experience mean?
· What have you always wanted to do? Please explain.
· What have you never wanted to do? Please explain.
· What is the most boring place you have ever been to? Why was it boring? How about the most interesting place? How about the most dangerous place? Please explain.
· What is the scariest experience you have ever had? Why was it so scary?
· What is the most embarrassing experience you have ever had? Why was it so embarrassing?
· What is the biggest mistake you have ever made? Please explain.
· Have you ever met anyone famous? If yes, who did you meet? If no, who would you like to meet?
· Have you ever wanted to try something really dangerous? Why/not?
· Have you ever wanted to try something really difficult? Why/not?
· Have you ever met anyone really amazing? What made the person so amazing?
· What have you always been good at? Why?
· What have you never been good at? Why?
· What important things have you learned from your parents?
· What important things have you learned from your friends?

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The data has been examined, the results tallied, and the conclusions reached: Men create more housework for women. Although he may mow the lawn, shovel snow, or tinker with repairs here and there, a husband adds seven hours per week to the load of chores conducted around the house. The information comes via the analysis of time diaries and questionnaires from men and women from regions all across the US between 1996 and 2005.

Of the people surveyed, single women in their twenties and thirties did the least amount of housework, with roughly twelve hours per week. On the other hand, married women did the most, about seventeen hours on average.

Marriage means more work for women and less for men. In addition, the situation worsens when children come on the scene. With three kids, the wives took on twenty-eight hours of chores per week, while hubbies did only ten.

There were some surprises, too. Older men were more likely than younger men to pitch in, even though surveys from thirty years ago showed that men contributed only six hours per week to household chores. Women in their sixties and seventies still did the most amount of work. Single women did the least amount, or about twelve hours each week.So what does it all mean?

Women have traditionally adopted more responsibility around the house, and the sphere of work and careers has been relegated to men. Despite equal rights and better career opportunities for women, traditional patterns remain taken for granted by both sexes.

Post-Comprehension:

Talk about the following questions in pairs/groups. Remember to support your answers!

1. How much work do you do around the house each week? What kind of chores do you do? Please explain.
2. Why do you think men do fewer chores than women? Please explain.
3. Would you ever consider becoming a house husband? (Or would you want your spouse to become one?)
4. How will the results of future surveys change in another thirty years? Why do you think so?
5. If housework were a job that paid money, what would be a fair hourly wage? Please explain.

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People from English-speaking countries often require more verbal feedback than Koreans. Silence in response to a question can result in the person becoming annoyed or frustrated. Silence can mean that the person didn’t understand the question, thinks the person is an idiot, is dreaming about his future spouse, or thinking about his answer. Therefore, it’s important to let the person know which of the above situations is true.

Target Phrases

In case you don’t know the answer
I don’t know.
I don’t know anything about that
I haven’t thought about that.

It’s very acceptable to be honest that you don’t know something.

If the question is too broad or too vague
I’m sorry, could you be more specific?
What do you mean exactly?
Is there anything in particular you want to know?

Try to narrow down the topic or the range of the question(s).

If you need time to think
Hmm. Let me see…
Let me think about that.
Weeell…
Good question.

If you don’t understand
Pardon me?
Could you please repeat that?
I didn’t hear what you said. Could you explain what you mean?
What does that mean?

Don’t be embarrassed; just tell the other person, so they can help you understand.

If you feel your English is not good enough
I know what you’re talking about, but it’s difficult for me to explain in English.
But let me see…
Let me try again.

Try to explain in simple words; your simple description may even be clearer than the exact translation.

If the question is too personal
I’m sorry I’d rather not say.
That’s a little personal.
I’d rather not talk about it.
It’s none of your business.

Try to avoid sounding rude when using the next phrases, especially the last one.


CONVERSATION
Using the Target Phrases

DIALOGUE 1
A: Why is Hye Yeon so upset?
B: I don’t know. Why do you ask?
A: No reason. She just looks like she’s upset about something.
B: Why don’t you ask for yourself?

DIALOGUE 2
A: So what do you think of the political situation in Korea?
B: Hmm, that’s a big question. Is there anything in particular you want to know?
A: Well, I heard there were a few demonstrations last week and I want to know what they were about and what you think about them.
B: Oh, I see. Well, first of all…

DIALOGUE 3
A: What do you think about the current government scandal?
B: Weeeell… let me think about that.
A: What’s there to think about?
B: Just give me some time, will you?

DIALOGUE 4
A: When I came home, there was an open jar of jam on the kitchen counter.
B: I’m sorry, I didn’t hear what you said. Could you please repeat that?
A: Sure. I said that there was an open jar of jam on the kitchen counter.
B: Oh, I see. Thanks for repeating.

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Sport is an activity that is governed by a set of rules or customs and often engaged in competitively. Sports commonly refer to activities where the physical capabilities of the competitor are the sole or primary determinant of the outcome (winning or losing). Sport is commonly defined as an organized, competitive and skillful physical activity requiring commitment and fair play.

Sports are most often played just for fun or for the simple fact that people need exercise to stay in good physical condition.

SPORTS DISCUSSION:

1. What sports are popular in your country? What makes them popular?
2. Which sport do you like? How often do you play your favorite sports?
3. Are there any sports that you would like to try out in the future? Why did you choose this sport?
4. Do you like watching sports channels? Are you a sports TV fanatic?
5. What sports do you like to watch on television? Which one is much better: watching sports on T.V or watching a game live? Why?
6. Have you ever watched TV sports channels in English? How was it like?
7. Do you like sports casting? Why or why not?
8. Do you have TV sports channels in your country? How is the sport casting like?
9. What is the national sport of your country? How do you play this sport?
10. Are you good at playing your national sports? Do you always play this sport?
11. Have you ever competed in a sports competition?
12. Would you like to compete in sports? In what kind of competition?
13. Would you like your kids to be involved in sports too? If so what kind?
14. Which do you prefer team sports or Individual sports? Why?
15. Why do you think people play sports?

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
1. Compete – try to get something for them and stop the other getting it, a contest or game
Ex) Countries compete with each other

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